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SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore and analyze the therapeutic effect of the combination of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BB-12® and Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG on underweight and malabsorption in premature infants. METHODS: This is a retrospective study. The clinical data of 68 premature infants admitted to Beijing United Family Hospital (Private Secondary Comprehensive Hospital, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China) from January 2016 to January 2022 were analyzed retrospectively. Preterm infants less than 37 weeks of gestational age admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit were included in the study. Patients with intestinal malformations, necrotizing enterocolitis, etc., who require long-term fasting were excluded. A telephone follow-up was performed 3-6 months after discharge. They were classified as treatment groups A and B according to the treatment plan. The treatment group A included parenteral nutrition, enteral nutrition, etc. In treatment group B, based on treatment group A, the premature infants were treated with Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BB-12® and Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG. The time to regain birthweight and the weight on day 30 were compared between the two groups, as was the duration of transition from parenteral nutrition to total enteral nutrition. RESULTS: The time of weight regain birthweight in group B was shorter than that in group A (t=-2.560; t=-4.287; p<0.05). The increase of weight on day 30 in group B was significantly higher than that in group A (t=2.591; t=2.651; p<0.05). The time from parenteral nutrition to total enteral nutrition in group B was shorter than that in group A (z=-2.145; z=-2.236; p<0.05). CONCLUSION: In the treatment of premature infants, the combination of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BB-12® and Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG can have a better therapeutic effect on the underweight and malabsorption of premature infants, and this treatment method can be popularized in clinics.
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OBJECTIVE To compare the efficacy and safety of Saccharomyces boulardii and Bifidobacterium triple live bacteria in the treatment of pediatric diarrhea. METHODS Retrieved from PubMed， Embase， the Cochrane Library， CBM， Wanfang data， CNKI and VIP， randomized controlled trials （RCTs） about S. boulardii （S. boulardii group） versus Bifidobacterium triple liver bacteria （Bifidobacterium group） were collected. After screening the literature， extracting data and evaluating the quality， meta-analysis was performed by using RevMan 5.3 software. RESULTS A total of 9 RCTs were included， involving 898 patients. Results of meta-analysis showed there was no statistical significance in total response rate [OR＝1.69， 95%CI （0.93， 3.09）， P＝0.09]， duration of diarrhea [MD＝－1.39， 95%CI （－3.35， 0.57）， P＝0.16]， the time of abdominal pain disappearance [MD＝0.09， 95%CI（－0.87， 1.05），P＝0.86] or the incidence of adverse reactions [OR＝0.65， 95%CI （0.05， 8.03）， P＝0.74]. The number of stools in S. boulardii group was significantly less than Bifidobacterium group [MD＝－0.91， 95%CI （－1.80， －0.02）， P＝0.04]. The results of subgroup analysis showed that the duration of diarrhea in children with antibiotic-associated diarrhea in S. boulardii group was significantly shorter than Bifidobacterium group （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS The efficacy and safety of S. boulardii are similar to those of Bifidobacterium in the treatment of diarrhea， but S. boulardii is better than Bifidobacterium in terms of stool number， the duration of diarrhea in children with antibiotic-associated diarrhea.
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Objective:To explore the effects of Bifidobacterium triple viable capsules combined with Berberine tablets on blood lipid and intestinal flora in patients with hyperlipidemia.Methods:A total of 420 hyperlipidemia patients admitted to the Second Medical Center of PLA General Hospital & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases from January 2019 to December 2020 were selected and divided into the observation group and the control group according to the random number table method, with 210 cases in each group. Both groups were routinely given lipid-lowering drugs, the control group was also given Bifidobacterium triple viable capsules orally, and the observation group was combined with Berberine tablets orally on the basis of the control group. The levels of serum inflammatory factor, blood lipid, apolipoprotein and the number of intestinal flora before and after treatment were compared between the two groups. The incidence of adverse reactions was compared between the two groups during the treatment.Results:After treatment, the levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group: (26.78 ± 5.63) ng/L vs. (30.06 ± 5.79) ng/L, (12.88 ± 4.76) ng/L vs. (15.45 ± 5.32) ng/L, (8.22 ± 2.80) mg/L vs. (10.26 ± 3.71) mg/L, there were statistical differences ( P<0.05). After treatment, the levels of blood lipid in the observation group were improve better than those in the control group, the levels of apolipoprotein AⅠ in the observation group was higher than that in the control group: (2.00 ± 0.45) g/L vs. (1.72 ± 0.39) g/L; and the levels of apolipoprotein B and apolipoprotein E in the observation group were lower than those in the control group: (1.08 ± 0.18) g/L vs. (1.20 ± 0.22) g/L, (4.80 ± 0.68) g/L vs. (5.12 ± 0.62) g/L, there were statistical differences ( P<0.05). After treatment, the numbers of Bifidobacterium and Lactic acid bacteria in the observation group were higher than those in the control group: (8.80 ± 0.80) lg CFU/g vs. (8.30 ± 0.75) lg cfu/g, (8.85 ± 0.64) lg cfu/g vs. (8.45 ± 0.68) lg cfu/g; and the numbers of Colon bacillus and Enterococcus faecalis in the observation group were lower than those in the control group: (8.20 ± 0.55) lg cfu/g vs. (8.52 ± 0.50) lg cfu/g, (6.42 ± 0.60) lg cfu/g vs.(6.84 ± 0.65) lg cfu/g, there were statistical differences ( P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Bifidobacterium triple viable capsules combined with Berberine tablets in treatment of patients with hyperlipidemia can effectively reduce the level of blood lipid and regulate intestinal flora, with good safety.
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Objective:To observe the role of yogurt containing 2 type of Bifidobacterias in improving the intestinal comfort in children. Methods:A 4-week, single-arm, non-randomized study was conducted from October 23, 2021 to November 21, 2021, in which, healthy children aged 3-6 years in real life were provided with commercially available children′s yogurt supplemented with Bifidobacteriumlactis BL-99 and Bifidobacterium infantis YLGB-1496.The questionnaire on gastrointestinal symptoms in children and the Patient-Oriented SCORing Atopic Dermatitis (PO-SCORAD) index were used to evaluate the intestinal comfort and skin sensitivity changes at baseline, week 1, week 2, and week 4, respectively. Kruskal- Wallis rank sum test was used for comparison at different time points. Results:A total of 39 children, involving 20 boys and 19 girls with the median age of 5.0 years completed the study.There were significant differences in intestinal comfort score and PO-SCORAD scores, distribution of stool consistency and night awakening frequency at different time points (baseline, week 1, week 2 and week 4) (all P<0.05). The total score of intestinal comfort at week 2 and 4 was 12.0 (10.0, 13.0) points and 10.0 (9.0, 10.0) points, which was significantly lower than that at baseline[17.0 (15.0, 21.0) points, P<0.05]. The total score of intestinal comfort at week 4 was significantly lower than that at week 1[13.0 (11.0, 15.0)points] and week 2 (all P<0.05). At week 4, all children had an ideal stool consistency (type 3-4). At week 4, 33 (84.6%) of the children woke up 0 times, and 6 (15.4%) of the children woke up once or twice.The PO-SCORAD scores at week 1, 2 and 4 were 10.2 (6.5, 14.7) points, 8.2 (5.5, 14.2) points and 5.5 (4.5, 9.0) points, respectively, which were all significantly lower than that at baseline[18.3 (11.6, 25.3) points, all P<0.05]. The total PO-SCORAD score at week 4 was significantly lower than that at week 1 ( P<0.05). Conclusions:After eating yoghurt supplemented with Bifidobacteriumlactis BL-99 and Bifidobacterium infantis YLGB-1496 for 4 weeks, the children′s intestinal comfort and stool consistency, night awakening and skin sensitivity are improved.
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Objective:To investigate the effects of Anchang Decoction on intestinal microflora and faecal calprotectin (FC) in rats with severe ulcerative colitis based on probiotics.Methods:Totally 50 rats were taken to prepare a model of severe ulcerative colitis. The rats who successfully modeled were divided into model group, Anchang Decoction low-, medium-, high-dosage groups, Lizhu Changle group, and mesalazine group, with 5 rats in each group. Another 6 rats were set and the blank group. Lizhu Changle group received Lizhu Changle suspension (containing 50 million live bacteria/ml) for gavage; Anchang Decoction low-, medium-, high-dosage groups received Anchang Decoction 1, 5, 10 ml/(kg·d) for gavage; Mesalazine group received Mesalazine suspension (10.5 mg/100 g) for gavage. Rats in the blank group and model group were gavaged with the same volume of normal saline for 7 days. Body mass and disease activity index (DAI) before and after administration were measured. 16s rDNA of lactobacillus and bifidobacterium in feces of rats was detected. FC content of rats was detected by ELISA.Results:Compared with the model group, the weight of rats in each administration group increased ( P<0.05), DAI score decreased ( P<0.05), and the level of calprotectin in feces decreased ( P<0.05), and there was no significant difference in the levels of lactobacillus and bifidobacterium in each administration group ( P>0.05). Conclusion:Anchang Decoction can improve the intestinal micro-ecology by regulating the level of calprotectin in rats with severe ulcerative colitis, thereby playing a therapeutic role.
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Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis (B. lactis) HN019 in drinking water on the development of apical periodontitis (AP) in rats. In total 60 animals were divided into a control group (sound teeth); Group I - regular water without AP; Group II - probiotic water without AP; Group III - regular water with AP; Group IV - probiotic water with AP. AP was induced after 3 days in the control groups and after 7, 21, and 42 days in groups III and IV. The animals were euthanized, and the mandibles were subjected to histotechnical processing. Samples were stained with hematoxylin & eosin (H&E) to identify root canal features, apical and periapical regions. Additionally, histoenzymology was performed to detect osteoclasts, immunohistochemistry was used to identify osteoclastogenesis markers, and the Brown & Brenn technique was applied for microbiological analysis. The data were analyzed using GraphPad Prism 8.0.1 with a significance level of 5%. Although no statistical differences were observed, the groups administered with probiotics showed better conditions in terms of histological aspects seen microscopically. Furthermore, there were no differences in the number of osteoclasts (p > 0.05). The RANKL marker was not found in the probiotic group at 42 days, unlike in group III.
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@#In this study, in order to overcome the shortcomings of the current methods used to identify Bifidobacterium animalis, such as long time, complicated operation and low adaptability of experimental environment, specific primer probes were designed based on ERIC-PCR technology to identify and detect B.animalis.Based on the genomic DNA of B.animalis HP-B1124, the ERIC-PCR reaction conditions of B.animalis HP-B1124 were optimized, and the ERIC-PCR fragments were obtained one by one and sequenced.Two pairs of specific primer probes were designed.The accuracy, specificity, limitation and universality of the two pairs of primer probes were evaluated, and the two pairs of specific primer probes were used for testing the products containing B.animalis in the commercially published formula.The two pairs of specific primer probes designed in this study could be used for identified strains of B.animalis more simply, quickly and targeted.This method has optimized the current relatively traditional methods of pure culture and plate counting identification of B.animalis, and has solved the high requirements of SNP genotyping technology and real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR method for experimental equipment and reagents in the identification of B.animalis to a certain extent.It has the characteristics of low cost, high specificity and earn a broad market development prospect.
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Objective:To observe the changes of serum micro-inflammatory and nutritional status in elderly peritoneal dialysis patients after treatment with bifidobacterium triple viable bacteria, and the impact of Bifidobacterium triple viable bacteria treatment on the endpoint.Methods:Totally 180 elderly patients receiving peritoneal dialysis were divided into control group and observation group, with 90 cases in each.Both groups were treated on the basis of the routine treatment, the observation group was treated with oral Bifidobacterium triple viable bacteria for twelve months.Before treatment, 6 months and 12 months after treatment, fasting venous blood from the patients in the two groups were collected in the morning.The levels of serum micro-inflammatory indexes[tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), interleukin-6(IL-6), interleukin-8(IL-8), C-reactive protein(CRP)]were detected by ELISA.The nutritional status and dialysis adequacy indexes[nutritional status: albumin(ALB), hemoglobin(Hb), transferrin(TRF), prealbumin(PA), calcium ion, phosphorus ion; indicators of dialysis adequacy: serum creatinine(Scr), blood uric acid(BUA), blood urea nitrogen(BUN), cystatin C(Cys-c)levels]were detected by automatic blood biochemical analyzer.After 24 months of follow-up, the occurrence of endpoint events(peritonitis, abdominal pain, malnutrition, abdominal infection, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular accidents)in the two groups was recorded.Results:After 24 months of treatment, the levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8 and CRP in the two groups were lower than those before treatment, and the observation group was lower than control group[(25.7±4.0)μg/L vs.(33.6±6.0)μg/L, (2.9±0.7)ng/L vs.(4.9±1.2)ng/L, (17.0±7.2)ng/L vs.(22.8±7.9)ng/L, (4.6±0.7)mg/L vs.(6.9±1.2)mg/L]( t=10.272, 13.134, 5.040, 15.575, respectively, P<0.05 for all). After 24 months of treatment, the levels of ALB, Hb, TRF, PA and calcium ion of the two groups were higher than before treatment, and the levels of phosphorus ion were lower than before treatment, and the changes of the above indicators in observation group were more obvious than those in the control group[(45.7±5.2)g/L vs.(39.8±4.9)g/L, (72.7±8.0)g/L vs.(68.6±9.0)g/L, (4.3±1.0)g/L vs.(3.0±0.6)g/L, (321.5±29.0)mg/L vs.(297.6±25.1)mg/L, (4.9±1.3)mmol/L vs.(2.9±0.9)mmol/L, (1.3±0.9)/L vs.(1.8±0.3 mmol/L)]( t=7.737, 3.213, 9.880, 5.9 00, 11.937, 4.415, P<0.05 for all). There was no significant difference in intestinal flora between the two groups before treatment( P>0.05). After 24 months, an increase was observed in Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria in both groups, while Enterobacteria and Enterococcus in both groups were decreased, and the changes of the above indicators in the observation group were also more obvious than those in the control group[(8.4±0.9)IgCFU/g ratio(6.4±0.9)IgCFU/g, (8.8±1.3)IgCFU/g ratio(7.9±1.3)IgCFU/g, (7.1±0.9)IgCFU/g ratio(8.0±1.1)IgCFU/g, (5.4±0.7)IgCFU/g ratio(6.9±0.9)IgCFU/g]( t=14.248, 4.339, 5.825, 12.753, P<0.05 for all). There was no significant difference in dialysis adequacy index between the two groups before treatment( P>0.05 for all). After 24 months of treatment, the levels of Scr, BUA, BUN and Cys-C in both groups decreased, and those of the observation group were lower than those of the control group[(471.5±50.5)μmol/L vs.(623.3±62.6)μmol/L, (17.5±0.5)mmol/L vs.(20.6±1.8)mmol/L, (16.4 ± 3.0)mmol/L vs.(22.5±2.0)mmol/L, (1.9±0.5)mg/L vs.(3.0±0.7)mg/L]( t=17.877, 14.976, 15.842, 11.749, P<0.05 for all). The incidence of endpoint events in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group(12.2% vs.2.2%, t=6.574, P<0.05 for all). Conclusions:After the treatment of Bifidobacterium triple viable bacteria in elderly peritoneal dialysis patients, the micro-inflammatory state of the patients was reduced, the nutritional status was improved, and the incidence of endpoint events was low, and has high clinical promotion and application value.
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Traditionally, fermented food and beverages are prepared by adding a mixture of plant residues as a starter or source of microbes. Most of the conventional fermented foods use a local starter which contains a mixture of herbs or old ferment or otherwise cereal dust-coated tablet. In this study, we have made an attempt to prepare a rice-based fermented food with the herbal starter (0.5% w/w) of Elephantopus scaber L. rhizome, and also examined its microbial and nutrient profiles. The food product is fortified with organic acid and titratable acidity of 0.58% and also contained an excellent source of microbes (LAB and Bifidobacterium sp.). The fermented food contains significant amount of fat, protein, minerals, vitamins, oligosaccharide, unsaturated fatty acids (?3, ?6, ?7 and ?9) and a pool of free amino acids. The presence of phytochemical contents in the fermented rice was also exhibited significant effects against commercially available free radicals (DPPH, ABTS, FRAP and OH-radicals). Thus, food-grade microbes containing newly formulated fermented food would provide essential macro-and micro-nutrients to the individuals and convey the sustainability of good health. Therefore, the mentioned plant part would be used as an effective starter for aiding rice-based food products.
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La incidencia de enfermedades alérgicas en la infancia va en aumento, y se ha convertido en una de las principales consultas. Una posible causa es la disbiosis del microbioma intestinal, relacionada con estados inflamatorios aumentados. Debido a la necesidad de mejorar la calidad de vida, y el impacto en lo económico y en lo educativo, surgen los probióticos como tratamiento adyuvante, por lo que se pretende determinar la asociación del uso de Bifidobacterium en menores de 5 años con la modulación de la respuesta inmune en enfermedades alérgicas. El microbioma intestinal inicia su desarrollo y maduración desde la gestación, continúa en el nacimiento y termina hasta los 3 años, influenciado por factores maternos, neonatales y ambientales. La disbiosis intestinal generada por estos factores reduce la proporción de bifidobacterias, lo cual se relaciona con estados proinflamatorios. En consecuencia, estudios del uso de Bifidobacterium en niños con enfermedades alérgicas ha evidenciado mejora de síntomas y calidad de vida. Los probióticos favorecen un microbioma intestinal saludable, asociado a un estado antiinflamatorio, debido a la regulación en el balance celular Th1/Th2/T reguladoras y células asesinas naturales. Esta modulación en la respuesta inmune permite mejor control de síntomas, calidad de vida y menor incidencia de enfermedades alérgicas en la infancia
The incidence of allergic diseases in childhood is increasing, and has become one of the main queries. One possible cause is dysbiosis of the gut microbiome, related to increased inflammatory states. Due to the need to improve the quality of life, and the economic and educational impact, probiotics emerge as adjuvant treatment, so it is intended to determine the association of the use of Bifidobacterium in children under 5 years with the modulation of the immune response in allergic diseases. The intestinal microbiome begins its development and maturation from gestation, continues at birth and ends up to 3 years, influenced by maternal, neonatal and environmental factors. The intestinal dysbiosis generated by these factors reduces the proportion of bifidobacteria, which is related to proinflammatory states. Consequently, studies of the use of Bifidobacterium in children with allergic diseases have shown improvement in symptoms and quality of life. Probiotics favor a healthy intestinal microbiome, associated with an anti-inflammatory state, due to the regulation of the regulatory Th1/Th2/T cell balance and natural killer cells. This modulation in the immune response allows better control of symptoms, quality of life and lower incidence of allergic diseases in childhood
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Bifidobacterium , Disease , Probiotics , Dysbiosis , Gastrointestinal Microbiome , Child , ImmunityABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the effects of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BB-12 on hippocampal neuroinflammation and cognitive function of mice after whole brain radiotherapy. Methods:A total of sixty male C57BL/6J mice aged 7-8 weeks were randomly divided into 5 groups with 12 mice in each group: control group (Con group), probiotic group (BB-12 group), irradiation group (IR group), irradiation and Memantine group (IR+ Memantine group), irradiation and probiotic group (IR+ BB-12 group). The model of radiation-induced brain injury of mice was established by 10 Gy whole brain radiotherapy with a medical linear accelerator. Y-maze test was used to evaluate the cognitive function. The activation of microglia and astrocytes was observed by immunofluorescence staining. The expressions of inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were detected by quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (QRT-PCR) and Western blot.Results:Y-maze test showed that, compared with Con group, the percentage of the times of reaching the novel arm in the total times of the three arms decreased significantly in the IR group ( t=5.04, P<0.05). BB-12 mitigated radiation-induced cognitive dysfunction ( t=4.72, P<0.05). Compared with Con group, the number ( t=3.05, 7.18, P<0.05) and circularity index ( t=6.23, 2.52, P<0.05) of Iba1 and GFAP positive cells were increased, the microglia and astrocytes were activated in the hippocampus of IR group, but these alterations were eliminated by BB-12. After whole brain IR, the mRNA and protein expression levels of inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in the hippocampus of mice were significantly increased compared with Con group ( tmRNA =4.10, 3.04, 4.18, P<0.05; tprotein=11.49, 7.04, 8.42, P<0.05), which were also significantly reduced by BB-12 compared with IR group ( tmRNA=4.20, 3.40, 2.84, P<0.05; tprotein=6.36, 4.03, 3.75, P<0.05). Conclusions:Bifidobacterium animalis BB-12 can suppress neuroinflammation mediated by microglia and astrocytes in the hippocampus of mice after radiotherapy and alleviates IR-induced cognitive dysfunction. Therefore, BB-12 has potential application in alleviating radiation induced brain injury.
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Objective:To explore the effects of different courses of Bifidobacterium combined with bismuth on the eradication rate, ulcer healing rate and adverse reactions in the initial eradication treatment of Helicobacter pylori positive gastric ulcer patients.Methods:From September 2018 to September 2021, 219 patients with gastric ulcer were selected from the outpatient department of gastroenterology department of Kailuan General Hospital Affiliated,all of whom were positive for 13C or 14C-urea breath test and were not treated with Helicobacter pylori eradication. Group A, B and C were randomly divided by Excel, Group A was the control group (73 patients): 14-day bismuth quadruple therapy (Eprazole + colloidal bismuth pectin + amoxicillin + furazolidone); group B (73 patients): 7 days Bifidobacterium tetravaccine tablets (live) was given in the second week of treatment in group A; group C (73 patients): Bifidobacterium tetravaccine tablets (live) was given 14 days on the basis of treatment in group A. 13C or 14C-urea breath test and gastroscope were reexamined after all treatments, to compare the eradication rate, ulcer healing rate and the incidence of adverse reactions.Results:The eradication rates in three groups were 90.8%(59/65), 91.2% (62/68)and 91.0%(61/67) respectively, there was no significant difference among the three groups (χ 2=0.01, P=0.997). The ulcer healing rate in three groups were 93.8%(61/65), 94.1%(64/68) and 95.5%(64/67) respectively, group B and group C were compared with group A, and the difference was not statistically significant(group B: group A P=1.000, group C: group A P=0.716).The incidence of adverse reactions in three groups was 21.4%(15/70), 7.1%(5/70) and 7.0%(5/71) respectively, the difference was statistically significant (χ 2=9.21, P=0.010). The incidence of adverse reactions in group B and C was significantly lower than that in group A (group B: group A χ 2=5.83, P=0.016; group C: groups A χ 2=5.99, P=0.014). Compare means of measurement data among the three groups use analysis of variance. Chi square test, Fisher exact probability method and split chi square test were used to compare the three groups of counting data. Conclusion:14-day Bifidobacterium tetravaccine tablets (live) and the second half of the treatment lasted for 7-day Bifidobacterium Bifidobacterium tetravaccine tablets (live), they are combined separately with bismuth quadruple therapy in the first eradication of Helicobacter pylori positive gastric ulcer patients can significantly reduce adverse reactions, but Bifidobacterium tetravaccine tablets (live) could not significantly improve the eradication rate, and had no promoting effect on the healing of gastric ulcer.
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Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy of Jinghua Weikang capsule combined with Bifidobacterium for curing patients featured by spleen-stomach damp-heat syndrome and Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection with low DOB values.Methods:To enroll 130 cases who were admitted to the Digestion Center of Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University from March 2019 to March 2020. According to the treaatment protocols, the quadruple therapy group and dual therapy group, each had 65 patients. The quadruple therapy group had two different treatment protocols, 34 cases with Rabeprazole sodium enteric-coated tablet, Bismuth potassium citrate capsule, Amoxicillin capsule, and Clarithromycin, the other one had 31 cases with Rabeprazole sodium enteric-coated tablet, Bismuth potassium citrate capsule, Amoxicillin capsule, and Levofloxacin tablets. The Dual therapy group was treated with Jinghua Weikang capsule combined with Bifidobacterium. As for quadruple therapy group, 14 days was a course of treatment, while28 days was a course of treatment for dual therapy group. The two groups were treated for one course, respectively. The TCM syndromes were scored before and after treatment. After 4-weeks long drug withdrawal, all cases were reexamined via 13C-UBT. The Hp eradication rate, efficacy evaluation and adverse reactions were compared between both groups.Results:The eradication rate was 90.8% (59/65) in quadruple therapy group and 78.5% (51/65) in dual therapy group. There was no statistical difference between two groups ( χ２=3.78, P=0.052). As for quadruple therapy group, the eradication rate was 91.2% (31/34) in Protocol One and 90.3% (28/31) in Protocol Two. There was no statistical difference between two protocols ( χ２=0.01, P=0.906). After treatment, the TCM syndrome score of quadruple therapy group [(7.02±0.89) vs. (6.51±0.85), Z=-3.01], was significantly higher than that of dual therapy group ( P<0.01). The total effective rate was 93.9% (61/65) in dual therapy group and 78.5% (51/65) in quadruple therapy group. There was statistically significantly difference between two groups ( χ２=6.45, P=0.011). The adverse reactions was 24.6% (16/65) in quadruple therapy group and 6.2% (4/65) in dual therapy group. There was statistically significantly difference in two groups ( χ２=8.51, P=0.004). Conclusions:The Jinghua Weikang capsule combined with Bifidobacterium had curative effects on Hp infected patients with low DOB values. It could improve TCM Syndromes with little adverse reactions.
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Um dos maiores desafios no desenvolvimento de produtos probióticos é entender como os microrganismos interagem entre si e com o hospedeiro. Quando falamos em alimentos fermentados tradicionais, este obstáculo aumenta porque a matriz alimentar já possui um microbioma intrínseco. No entanto, também é conhecido que muitos microrganismos podem interagir e cooperar para sobreviver quando condições de estresse são encontradas. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi isolar leveduras de quatro diferentes kombuchas em distintos momentos fermentativos e verificar a influência que leveduras isoladas de kombucha têm na manutenção da viabilidade da bactéria probiótica Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis HN019 em condições de aerobiose. Meyerozyma guilliermondii, Candida albicans, Rhodotorula mucilaginosa e Pichia membranifaciens foram leveduras encontradas nas kombuchas, das quais as duas últimas favoreceram a manutenção da alta viabilidade de HN019 em cocultura por 14 dias. Observou-se a viabilidade da bactéria acima de 9 log ao longo de todo o experimento, o que não foi observado em monocultura. Ademais, utilizou-se de análise de autoagregação, hidrofobicidade, atividade enzimática de proteases e fosfolipases das leveuras para analisar seu potencial patogênico. Observou-se que R. mucilaginosa demonstrou características semelhantes à Saccharomyces cerevisiae subsp. boulardii, e sua interação benéfica com HN019 reforça a possibilidade de que esta levedura seja uma chave para a inserção da bactéria em uma kombucha probiótica. Análises metabólicas foram realizadas e encontrou-se uma vasta diversidade de dipeptídeos, principalmente os compostos de prolina, durante a cocultura da bactéria com as leveduras. Tais dipeptídeos apresentam importantes mecanismos de ação no controle biológico e quorum sensing de bactérias e leveduras, e supostamente regulam a manutenção das relações mutualísticas entre ambos microrganismo
One of the biggest challenges in the development of probiotic products is to understand how microorganisms interact with each other and with the host. When we talk about traditional fermented foods, this obstacle increases because the food matrix already has an intrinsic microbiome. However, it is also known that many microorganisms can interact and cooperate to survive when stressful situations are encountered. Thus, the objective of this work was to isolate yeasts from four different kombuchas at different fermentation times and to verify the influence that yeasts isolated from kombucha have on maintaining the viability of the probiotic bacterium Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis HN019 under aerobic conditions. Meyerozyma guilliermondii, Candida albicans, Rhodotorula mucilaginosa and Pichia membranifaciens were yeasts found in kombuchas, of which the last two favored the maintenance of HN019 high viability in co-culture for 14 days. Bacteria viability above 9 log was observed throughout the experiment, which was not observed in monoculture. In addition, analysis of autoaggregation, hydrophobicity, enzyme activity of proteases and phospholipases of yeasts was used to analyze their pathogenic potential. It was observed that R. mucilaginosa demonstrated characteristics similar to Saccharomyces cerevisiae subsp. boulardii, and its beneficial interaction with HN019 reinforces the possibility that this yeast is a key to the insertion of the bacterium in a probiotic kombucha. Metabolic analysis were performed and a wide diversity of dipeptides, mainly proline-based, was found during the co-culture of the bacteria with the yeasts. Such dipeptides have important mechanisms of action in the biological control and quorum sensing of bacteria and yeast, and supposedly regulate the maintenance of mutualistic relationships between both microorganism
Subject(s)
Yeasts/classification , Kombucha Tea/analysis , Fermented Foods/analysis , Rhodotorula/classification , Coculture Techniques/methods , Probiotics , Dipeptides/agonists , Microbiota , Bifidobacterium animalis/pathogenicityABSTRACT
Remodeling the tumor microenvironment through reprogramming tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and increasing the immunogenicity of tumors via immunogenic cell death (ICD) have been emerging as promising anticancer immunotherapy strategies. However, the heterogeneous distribution of TAMs in tumor tissues and the heterogeneity of the tumor cells make the immune activation challenging. To overcome these dilemmas, a hybrid bacterium with tumor targeting and penetration, TAM polarization, and photothermal conversion capabilities is developed for improving antitumor immunotherapy in vivo. The hybrid bacteria (B.b@QDs) are prepared by loading Ag2S quantum dots (QDs) on the Bifidobacterium bifidum (B.b) through electrostatic interactions. The hybrid bacteria with hypoxia targeting ability can effectively accumulate and penetrate the tumor tissues, enabling the B.b to fully contact with the TAMs and mediate their polarization toward M1 phenotype to reverse the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. It also enables to overcome the intratumoral heterogeneity and obtain abundant tumor-associated antigens by coupling tumor penetration of the B.b with photothermal effect of the QDs, resulting in an enhanced immune effect. This strategy that combines B.b-triggered TAM polarization and QD-induced ICD achieved a remarkable inhibition of tumor growth in orthotopic breast cancer.
ABSTRACT
Background: Caries is a multifactorial disease, microbes being an important etiological factor. “Probiotics” are nonpathogenic microbes which can stimulate health-promoting flora and suppress pathogens. It's the era of prevention, clinical approach toward prevention by altering bacterial ecology is the need of the hour. The aim of the study was to evaluate anticariogenic effect of probiotic curd (Amul's Probiotic Dahi) containing Lactobacillus acidophilus (La5) and Bifidobacterium lactis (Bb12) in 6–12 years of age group. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective, randomized, nonblinded study conducted on school children aged between 6 and 12 years having Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth and/or deft ?2. Selected subjects were divided into two groups of 31 each, study group received probiotic curd (“Amul's Probiotic Dahi”) two times a day in a quantity of 100 g, respectively, for 21 days and control group did not receive any intervention. Salivary Streptococcus mutans count and salivary pH estimation were done at the baseline, after 7 days and at the end after 24 days, for comparison. Results: No statistical difference was seen in salivary S. mutans count between both groups, after intervention of 7 days. However, there was significant difference in salivary S. mutans count at the end of 24 days. There was no statistical difference in salivary pH between both groups. Conclusion: The present study concludes that probiotics substitute decreases salivary S. mutans count after continuous consumption for 3 weeks and there is no short-term effect on salivary pH.
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCCIÓN: La enterocolitis necrotizante (ECN) es una patología inflamatoria del sistema digestivo, potencialmente mortal, que afecta a los recién nacidos. Ocurre con mayor frecuencia en recién nacidos prematuros y en especial en aquellos con muy bajo peso de nacimiento (RNMBPN) y extremo bajo peso de nacimiento (RNEBPN). Su fisiopatología es multifactorial, sin embargo, se postula disbiosis intestinal es un factor patogénico importante en su desarrollo. Por consiguiente, se ha propuesto que la administración de probióticos podría tener un rol en la prevención de la ECN en pacientes con alto riesgo. OBJETIVO: Realizar una búsqueda bibliográfica con el objetivo de conocer la evidencia existente en relación al efecto de los probióticos en recién nacidos. RESULTADOS: Los resultados de las revisiones sistemáticas y metanálisis revisados indican que la administración de probióticos reduce el riesgo de ECN, muerte y sepsis tardía en los RNMBPN, no obstante, en el grupo de RNEBPN aun hacen falta estudios. Los estudios que comparan diferentes estrategias de administración de probióticos señalan que los esquemas que incluyen la administración de una mezcla de 2 o más probióticos obtienen los mejores resultados en la prevención de ECN y muerte. Adicionalmente, algunos artículos sugieren un mejor efecto si los esquemas probióticos a utilizar, incluyen especies de los géneros Bifidobacterium y Lactobacillus. CONCLUSIÓN: Existe evidencia en la literatura especializada que apoya el uso de los probióticos en la prevención de ECN y otros desenlaces adversos en los recién nacido prematuros.
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a life-threatening inflammatory disease of the digestive system that affects newborns. It occurs most frequently in preterm infants and especially in very low birth weight (VLBW) and extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants. Its pathophysiology is multifactorial; however, intestinal dysbiosis is postulated to be an important pathogenic factor in its development. Therefore, it has been proposed that the administration of probiotics may have a role in the prevention of NEC in high-risk patients. This update presents a brief overview of the evidence regarding the effect of probiotics in neonates. The results of the systematic reviews and meta-analyses reviewed indicate that probiotic administration reduces the risk of NEC, death and late sepsis in VLBW infants, however, studies are still lacking in the ELBW group. Studies comparing different probiotic administration strategies indicate that schemes that include the administration of a mixture of 2 or more probiotics obtain the best results in the prevention of NEC and death. Additionally, there is some evidence to favor schemes that include species of the genera Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus. CONCLUSION: There is evidence in the specialized literature that supports probiotic administration may reduces the risk of NEC and other adverse outcomes in preterm infants.
Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Probiotics/administration & dosage , Enterocolitis, Necrotizing/prevention & controlABSTRACT
ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) is an E. coli pathotype that presents aggregative adhesion patterns on in vitro cultivated cells, mainly related to persistent diarrhea cases in children. EAEC virulence factors are important for host colonization and pathogenicity. Intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and initiate an immune response. Several studies using in vivo and in vitro models emphasize the probiotic activity and immunomodulatory capacity of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium species. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the modulation of cytokine production by probiotics Bifidobacterium animalis and Lactobacillus casei in human intestinal Caco-2 cells exposed to different strains of EAEC. METHODS: Caco-2 cells were incubated with EAEC strains in the presence or absence of probiotics. The production of cytokines IL-8, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-10 was evaluated in the supernatants by a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS: Cytokine production did not change when uninfected and EAEC-infected Caco-2 cells were exposed to probiotics separately. All EAEC induced a significant increase in IL-8 production by Caco-2 cells, but the probiotics, even together, could not reduce its production. On the other hand, the synergic activity of probiotic strains significantly increased TNF-α production but decreased the basal production of IL-1ß. Also, probiotics induced a significant increase in the production of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 during EAEC infection. CONCLUSION: Our results reinforce the synergistic immunomodulatory activity of probiotics during EAEC infection.
RESUMO CONTEXTO: Escherichia coli enteroagregativa (EAEC) é um patotipo de E. coli que apresenta o padrão de aderência agregativa em células cultivadas in vitro, sendo comumente relacionada a casos de diarreia persistente em crianças. Fatores de virulência presentes em EAEC são importantes para a colonização do hospedeiro e patogenicidade. As células epiteliais intestinais (IECs) reconhecem padrões moleculares associados a patógenos (PAMPs) e iniciam uma resposta imune. Vários estudos usando modelos in vivo e in vitro enfatizam a atividade probiótica e a capacidade imunomoduladora de espécies de Lactobacillus e Bifidobacterium. OBJETIVO: Este estudo avaliou a modulação da produção de citocinas pelos probióticos Bifidobacterium animalis and Lactobacillus casei em células intestinais humanas Caco-2 expostas a diferentes cepas de EAEC. MÉTODOS: As células Caco-2 foram incubadas com as cepas de EAEC na presença ou ausência dos probióticos. A produção das citocinas IL-8, TNF-α, IL-1β e IL-10 foi avaliada nos sobrenadantes por ELISA sanduíche. RESULTADOS: Não houve alteração na produção de citocinas quando as células não infectadas e as células infectadas com EAEC foram expostas aos probióticos separadamente. Todas as cepas de EAEC induziram aumento significativo na produção de IL-8 pelas células Caco-2, mas os probióticos, ainda que em conjunto, não foram capazes de reduzir a produção desta citocina. Por outro lado, as cepas de probióticos aumentaram significativamente a produção de TNF-α mas diminuíram a produção basal de IL-1ß. Além disso, os probióticos induziram um aumento significativo na produção da citocina anti-inflamatória IL-10 durante a infecção por EAEC. CONCLUSÃO: Nossos resultados reforçam a atividade imunomodulatória sinérgica dos probióticos durante a infecção de EAEC.
ABSTRACT
Abstract Objective: To analyze the composition of formulations of probiotics sold in establishments in the State of Tabasco or that can be purchased online. Materials and methods: A descriptive study in which formulations of probiotics sold in 21 establishments in the city of Villahermosa were identified and compared with 30 probiotic supplements sold online. Product information was organized in a database and analyzed according to the dosage form, probiotic genera, species/subspecies contained and their classification as probiotics or synbiotics and as drugs or supplements. Results: Thirty-one local products and 30 online products formulated with probiotics in 6 different dosage forms were analyzed. Only five local products and no online products are certified by COFEPRIS as drugs. Forty-eight percent of the formulations are monostrain and the rest are multistrain. Seventy-two percent of the formulations are probiotics and the rest are synbiotics. Among the 61 products analyzed, 46 species belonging to 13 different genera were identified, and 39% were common to local and online products. Many of products contain species of the Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium genera. The genus Bacillus was the only genus that was never combined with other genera in the formulations analyzed in this study. Conclusions: The population of the state of Tabasco can find at least 31 formulations of probiotics in local establishments. The variety increases if we consider the dietary supplements available for sale online. Multistrain supplements are particularly abundant in online retailers. The products certified by COFEPRIS ensure that the benefits of the formulation are supported by clinical trials in humans and are manufactured following good manufacturing practices.
Resumen Objetivo: Analizar la composición de formulaciones de probióticos que se venden en establecimientos del Estado de Tabasco o que se pueden comprar en línea. Materiales y métodos: Estudio descriptivo en el que se identificaron formulaciones de probióticos comercializados en 21 establecimientos de la ciudad de Villahermosa y se compararon con 30 suplementos probióticos comercializados en línea. La información del producto se organizó en una base de datos y se analizó de acuerdo con la forma de dosificación, los géneros y especies / subespecies de probióticos presentes y su clasificación como probióticos o simbióticos y como medicamentos o suplementos. Resultados: Se analizaron 31 productos locales y 30 productos de venta en línea formulados con probióticos en 6 formas de dosificación diferentes. Solo cinco productos locales y ningún producto en línea están certificados por COFEPRIS como medicamentos. El 48% de las formulaciones son monocepa y el resto son multicepa. El 72% de las formulaciones son probióticos y el resto son simbióticos. Entre los 61 productos analizados, se identificaron 46 especies pertenecientes a 13 géneros diferentes y el 39% fueron comunes a productos locales y de venta en línea. Muchos de los productos contienen especies de los géneros Lactobacillus y Bifidobacterium. El género Bacillus fue el único que nunca se combinó con otros géneros en las formulaciones analizadas en este estudio. Conclusiones: La población del estado de Tabasco puede encontrar al menos 31 formulaciones de probióticos en establecimientos locales. La variedad aumenta si tenemos en cuenta los suplementos dietéticos disponibles de venta en línea. Los suplementos multicepa son particularmente abundantes en los productos en línea. Los productos certificados por COFEPRIS aseguran que los beneficios de la formulación están respaldados por ensayos clínicos en humanos y se fabrican siguiendo buenas prácticas de fabricación.
ABSTRACT
Abstract The present study evaluated the ability of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus species associated with streptococci to increase insoluble extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) production and initial caries lesion progression. Bovine enamel blocks (n = 190; 4 mm x 4 mm) were prepared, selected according to initial surface hardness (SH), and divided into two groups: a) double combinations: S. mutans with Bifidobacterium or Lactobacillus, and b) triple combinations: S. mutans and S. sobrinus with Bifidobacterium or Lactobacillus species. The blocks were exposed to the bacterial associations for 7 days. Subsequently, quantity of EPS from biofilms and caries lesion depth were determined by means of colorimetric and cross-sectional enamel hardness (ΔKHN) analysis. The data were submitted to one-way analysis of variance, followed by the Bonferroni test (p < 0.05). S. mutans with B. animalis or B. dentium produced a higher quantity of EPS; S. mutans + B. animalis led to the highest ∆KHN. S. mutans + S. sobrinus + B. longum induced greater EPS and ∆KHN values. In conclusion, associations of B. animalis and B. longum with streptococci promoted EPS production and caries lesion progression.